Following the oil crisis and rising fuel prices, the device became more popular in the U. The driver must bring the vehicle up to speed manually and use a button to set the cruise control to the current speed.
The cruise control takes its speed signal from a rotating driveshaft , speedometer cable, wheel speed sensor from the engine's RPM , or from internal speed pulses produced electronically by the vehicle.
The vehicle will maintain the desired speed by pulling the throttle cable with a solenoid, a vacuum driven servomechanism , or by using the electronic systems built into the vehicle fully electronic if it uses a 'drive-by-wire' system.
All cruise control systems must be capable of being turned off both explicitly and automatically when the driver depresses the brake, and often also the clutch.
Cruise control often includes a memory feature to resume the set speed after braking, and a coast feature to reduce the set speed without braking.
When the cruise control is engaged, the throttle can still be used to accelerate the car, but once the pedal is released the car will then slow down until it reaches the previously set speed.
On the latest vehicles fitted with electronic throttle control , cruise control can be easily integrated into the vehicle's engine management system.
Modern "adaptive" systems see below include the ability to automatically reduce speed when the distance to a car in front, or the speed limit, decreases.
This is an advantage for those driving in unfamiliar areas. The cruise control systems of some vehicles incorporate a "speed limiter" function, which will not allow the vehicle to accelerate beyond a pre-set maximum; this can usually be overridden by fully depressing the accelerator pedal.
Most systems will prevent the vehicle accelerating beyond the chosen speed, but will not apply the brakes in the event of overspeeding downhill.
On vehicles with a manual transmission , cruise control is less flexible because the act of depressing the clutch pedal and shifting gears usually disengages the cruise control.
The "resume" feature has to be used each time after selecting the new gear and releasing the clutch. However, when used incorrectly cruise control can lead to accidents due to several factors, such as:.
Some modern vehicles have systems for adaptive cruise control ACC , which is a general term meaning improved cruise control.
These improvements can be automatic braking or dynamic set-speed type controls. Some systems also feature forward collision warning systems, which warn the driver if a vehicle in front—given the speed of both vehicles—gets too close within the preset headway or braking distance.
Dynamic Set Speed Type: The dynamic set speed uses the GPS position of speed limit signs, from a database. Some are modifiable by the driver.
At least one, Wikispeedia , incorporates crowdsourcing , so driver input is shared, improving the database for all users. The speed can be adjusted to allow traffic calming.
One visual method uses OpenCV [10]. Dynamic radar cruise control: Vehicles with adaptive cruise control are considered a Level 1 autonomous car , as defined by SAE International.
PID controller - Fundamental control concept used in car cruise control. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. For other uses, see Cruise Control disambiguation.
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